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Nigerians abroad to establish N9bn car assembly plants


 

A group of Nigerians in the Diaspora have concluded plans to establish N9bn automobile assembly plants in the country under the patent called Zhope Automobiles.

The group is led by a professor of engineering systems and Director, Machining Research Centre, Faculty of Engineering Science and the Built Environment, London South Bank University, Prof. Emmanuel Ezugwu.

Displaying a model of a 15-seater air-conditioned bus at the premises of the National Automotive Council in Abuja, on Wednesday, Ezugwu said that the plants would manufacture and assemble made in Nigeria automobiles in the six geopolitical zones of the country.

He said, “This innovative project incorporates over 25 years, research and development experience in the area of advanced manufacturing technology for sustainable development.

“We are working with local resources on the ground to put forward a technology road map that will serve as a hub for vehicle export to other parts of West Arica.”

Speaking during the event, the Chairman, Zhope Automobiles, Mr. Marcel Ezenwoye, noted that the project would commence by the first quarter of 2011, adding that the plants had been structured to create about 14, 000 jobs in Nigeria.

He said, “There is a projection that not less than 4,000 jobs will be created on the line function and over 10,000 in ancillary related services centres.”

“The training policy of Zhope envisages the training of local engineers like the roadside mechanics, who will in turn train other middle level operators in Zhope automobile technology. For this reason, Zhope’s technical partners from Europe and China will come to Nigeria for the training and technical support.”

He noted that discussions were currently going on with the National Automotive Council for the domestication of Zhope brand in Nigeria.

Ezenwoye said, “We have a forecast of an average monthly sales of 100 number of buses and an annual gross of 1,200 number of buses. Zhope intends to initiate the KDK strategy with a view to reducing overall production cost per unit of the buses. Our target is to get up to 40-50 per cent local content to minimise importation by 2020 if we have the enabling environment for manufacturing.”

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How to invest in Industrial Starch for export


Going by our research, industrial starch (whether from corn, cassava, potato or rice, etc) is one of the fast selling products in the international market.

For this product to attract very high demand and higher prices, it must be well-processed and must maintain very high acceptable international standards, and must be handled with the deserved professionalism. This is a profitable project to invest on this year 2010.

Market position
The demand for industrial starch is world wide. This product is highly demanded in Netherlands, France, United Kingdom, and Federal Republic of Germany. It is also widely demanded in Taiwan, Asia, and USA. The local demand is also encouraging. Starch can be produced in dry or wet forms. Both wet and dry starch is needed in Europe. It has a lot of industrial uses, and can be used as ingredient in the preparation of bread, custard, sauce, snacks, pap. The industrial uses include textile, book binding, glue making, paper board, batteries, cosmetics, paint and soap. Starch is also used in weaving, spinning, and dye works, paper boards, dressing paints, leather adhesive, paste stamps and carpets.

It can also be used in artificial honey, fruit juice sweets, beer, and canned fruit confectionaries and pharmaceutical industries. Because of different uses starch can be subjected to, global demand is over 18 billion metric tons per annum. The supply on the other hand has not been encouraging in the international market. Apart from Zaire and Brazil which supplied a total of 18.2 million metric tons in 1999 and 26.5 metric tons in 2001, the gap has been longing for bridging. There is a gap of about 16.3 billion metric tons of starch for industrial uses; therefore, there is plenty of cassava and other root crops or tubers in Nigeria for the production of world starch requirement.

Plants, machinery and equipment
The major equipment needed include cassava peeler, sifter, slicer, grater, extractor, pulveriser and dryer (if dry starch is required), hammer mill/disintegrator, automatic or semi automatic weighing, and packaging machine and sitches/seakers. Production capacity of the machine under consideration has a full capacity of 10 metric tons of starch per day on two shifts. This implies that about 75, 000 metric tons will be produced in a year.

Quality, packaging standards
It should be noted that this product is demanded in metric tons by end users. It is therefore advisable that the end product be packed as such and to maintain the international market water content standard of about 8 percent. The product is packaged in 100kg jute bags for export. How the products should be preserved to avoid producing irritating odours will be discussed when we are contacted for further clarifications by prospective investors.

International prices/foreign markets
The price fluctuates between $650 and $800 per metric ton. Locally, it is sold between N42, 000 and N45, 000 per metric ton. Prospective investors would be assisted in the area of getting foreign buyers at reasonable prices.

Financial implication
The project can be started on a medium scale of N10.6 million as shown below. Since the machine produces 75,000 metric tons per annum, working for 300 days, the total sales revenue at full capacity will be $18.6 million within the first year of operation. Realising however that our industrial capacity cannot be realised, the capacity is placed at 50 percent, resulting in total annual income of $9.4 million (N1.3 billion).

Having considered the availability of raw materials, convincing technological position, government encouragement to non-oil export-oriented investors and availability of human resources, as well as huge profit margin from exporting this product; we recommend this project to Nigerians to invest in. Uba Godwin’s contact: Tel: 01-4721550, 01-7349363; 08023664368, 08034494437, Email: “mailto: ubagodwin@yahoo.com

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Nigerian Remittance Market worth over $10bn annually


Pam Patsley, Chairman &Chief Executive Officer of Moneygram International, visited Nigeria recently as part of  efforts to gain a better understanding of the market, customers and different cultural practices.
In a chat with Princewill Ekwujuru and Moses Nosike,  she posits that money transaction volume has increased six times in the first quarter. Read on.

How long has MoneyGram been operating in Nigeria?

MoneyGram started operating in Nigeria in 1998 and has steadily expanded its network of well established and respectable banks.

Pam Patsley

 

What is your assessment of the Nigeria Remittance Market?

Information we have indicates that the Nigeria Remittance Market is worth over $10bn annually. We believe the market shrank a little in 2009, as a result of the global economic crisis and its effects on employment statistics for migrant workers in key corridors. With the easing of the financial crisis, especially in the US, we expect remittances to Nigeria will experience positive growth.

Our business has experienced good growth both in terms of number of transactions, value and our network. We have been able to achieve this modest growth thanks to the support of our agent banks. With new agents and additional network, we expect our business in Nigeria to grow tremendously in the coming years.

How significant is the First Bank launch of MoneyGram service? Will MoneyGram be signing any more agents in Nigeria?

We are happy to have signed on First Bank and to have the MoneyGram service delivered through an additional 500 First Bank locations nationwide. This will make the MoneyGram service more accessible and convenient to many more customers.

In many markets where we operate, any new agent brings in its wake increased transaction growth and we expect this to be the case with First Bank.

MoneyGram will continue to forge alliances with credible financial institutions as the laws of Nigeria allow to bring our services even closer to our customers. They are a few more agreements in the pipeline which should be concluded over the next couple of months.

What is MoneyGram doing in the area of fraud prevention in Nigeria?

MoneyGram has initiated key actions to combat fraud in Nigeria; Key amongst them are;
Successfully implemented the locking down of a transaction to the location that first viewed

Have added as compulsory a receiver questions for all our transactions in Nigeria to provide additional security
We continue to provide periodic compliance training for the compliance officers and product managers of all our agents.

MoneyGram’s Director of fraud from the U.S. visited Nigeria in April this year,, organizing workshops for all our agents in Nigeria and also meeting with enforcement agencies to presents MoneyGram’s anti-money laundering and compliance efforts

The Regional Compliance Manager for Africa  also visited Nigeria to meet with the EFCC (law enforcement agency) and the agents and present MoneyGram’s efforts on anti-money laundering and compliance generally. The feedback from both events has been very positive.

MoneyGram is also working with agents to restrict locations that pay out fraud induced transactions.
We continue to collaborate with key regulatory authorities i.e. Central Bank of Nigeria, Economic and Financial crimes commission (EFCC) and Special Fraud Unit (SFU).

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Nigerian Banks now using Credit Reference Agencies


IN the recent past, it was easy for the well-heeled in the country to walk into many banks and obtain loans without collaterals or even the intention to repay.
But with the empowerment of credit bureaux by the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN), chronicle loan defaulters are in for it.
Credit is the oil in which business runs. There is basically nothing wrong in granting or accessing credit to run a business. Such an act becomes wrong and almost criminal when one borrows without the intention of repaying.
It becomes even worse when such borrowed funds belong to a bank that holds same in trust for the public.
Basically, that was one of the things that went wrong with the nation’s banking industry last year leading to the removal of some banks’ managing directors.
To avoid the same pitfall, the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) recently gave life to its earlier directive that banks must comply with certain regulations as it concerns credit bureaux before granting loans to customers.
In order to effect the directive by the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) to engage the services of at least two credit bureaux before granting loans, banks have started writing to their customers seeking their consent to disclose information concerning their (Customers) banking relationship to any of the credit bureaux.
It would be noted that recently, the CBN had made it compulsory for banks and other financial institutions to partner with licensed credit bureau order to enhance the performance of their operations.
According to the circular signed by the apex bank’s Director, Banking Supervision, Samuel Oni, “following the release of the guidelines on licensing, operations and regulations of Credit Bureau, issued by CBN in October 2008, it has become imperative to issue this circulate directing banks and other financial institutions to partner with the licensed credit bureau in order to enhance the performance of their operations.
“Consequently, it is mandatory for banks and other financial institution under the purview of the CBN to comply with Section 5.4.3 and 5.4.5 of the guidelines on licensing, operations and regulations of the credit bureau in Nigeria.”
The sectors stipulated, “banks must have data exchange agreement with at least two credit bureaux, obtain credit report from at least two credit bureaux before granting any facility to their customers, and obtain quarterly credit bureaux for all previous loans/facilities granted to enable the determination of borrowers current exposure to the financial system.”
Based on the foregoing, the apex bank had stressed, “banks and their financial institutions are advised to comply with this circular with immediate effect as failure to do so will attract appropriate sanctions.”
As a fallout of this, part of banks’ consent to disclosure of information obtained by The Guardian over the weekend, explained to their customers that the information shall be used for business purposes approved by the CBN and any relevant statute, adding that as members of a credit bureau, the banks are under obligation to disclose to the bureau, credit information and any other personal information disclosed to them (banks) in the course of banker-customer relationship with them.
The banks explained to their customers also, the various implications of submitting such information to them.
Some of the implications, include that,
• Such a bank may collect, use and disclose to a credit bureau and that the credit bureau may use the information for any approved business purpose as may, from time to time be prescribed by the CBN and/or any relevant statute.
• The customer should understand that information held about him/her by the credit bureau might already be linked to records relating to one or more of his/her partners.
Such a customer may be treated as financially linked and his/her application will be assessed with reference to any associated records.
In addition, for any joint application made by the customer with any other person(s), new financial association may be created at the credit bureau, which will link the bank’s financial records.
• The customer warranty that he/she is entitled to disclosure information about any co-application or guarantor and/or any one else referred to by him/her, and to authorise the bank to search and/or record such information of a credit bureau about him/her and such co-applicant or guarantor or other person.
• You understand that an association will be created at the credit bureau, which will link your financial records.  You agree to indemnify and hold the bank harmless against all claims, fees, expenses, damages and liabilities against the bank relating to or arising as a result of disclosure of information about such a co-applicant or guarantor or other persons or any use of such information by the credit bureau in compliance with the provisions of any CBN guideline and/or relevant statute.
• You hereby release and discharge the bank from its obligations under the banker’s duty of secrecy and forswear your right to any claim, damages, loss etc or account of such disclosure to credit bureau or the use by credit bureau in accordance with the provisions of any CBN guideline and/or relevant statute.
The CBN had licensed three credit bureaux to help checkmate the activities of loan defaulters in the banking industry.
The three credit bureaux are, CRC Credit Bureau, Credit Registry and XDS Credit Bureau.   
Late last month, the Central Bank of Nigeria’s (CBN) policy on accessing information on borrowers before lending by financial institutions in Nigeria started yielding dividends with 21 out of the 24 banks in the country engaging the services of credit bureaus to that effect.
The CBN had in its guidelines for the licensing, operations and regulations of credit bureau in Nigeria in October 2008, issued directives to financial institutions to this effect.
A credit bureau is an institution that collates data on borrowers from various sources and makes it available to aid informed lending by financial institutions.
On the strength of this, a credit bureau can also assist financial institutions to reduce loan-processing time and cost, enhance informed lending decisions and most importantly, reduce the level of non-performing loans.
Revealing the compliance level of banks and other financial institutions to The Guardian over the weekend, the Managing Director and Chief Executive Officer of CRC Credit Bureau, one of the three CBN-licensed credit bureaus, Tunde Popola stated that from January this year till now, the compliance level by financial institutions has been high.
Citing his firm, he said that, 21 out of the 24 banks have signed on the services of CRC Credit Bureau, adding that, those 21 banks represent about 97 per cent of the banking system credit market and also have access to about 95 per cent of the borrowers in the nation’s banking system.
The implication of this development, The Guardian gathered, is that these 21 banks must have also signed on the services of another credit bureau in line with the apex bank’s directive in order to have an elaborate and informed data on current and prospective borrowers.
Apart from that, Popoola also disclosed that, Bank of Industry (BOI), over 25 Primary Mortgage Institutions, about 50 micro finance banks have signed on, stressing that, all these happened between January this year and now.
In August last year, the CBN had announced that five banks in Nigeria had high level of non-performing loans.
The five banks are Afribank Plc, Finbank Plc, Intercontinental Bank Plc, Oceanic Bank Plc, and Union Bank Plc.
According to the apex bank, the major findings included excessively high level of non-performing loans attributable to poor corporate governance practices, lax credit administration processes and the absence or non-adherence to the bank’s credit risk management practices.
Thus, the CBN said, the percentage of non-performing loans to total loans of these banks, ranged from 19 per cent to 48 per cent, adding that, the five banks will need to make additional provision of N539.09 billion.
Based on that, the apex bank had revealed that, the total loan portfolio of these five banks was N2.9 billion.
It added that margin loans amounted to N456.28 billion, while exposure to oil and gas was N487.02 billion, stressing that, aggregate non-performing loans stood at N1, 143 billion representing 40.81 per cent.
Meanwhile, the three CBN-licensed credit bureau’s had earlier written to the CBN on the implication of non-compliance of banks to the content of the guidelines on credit bureaus.
Instructively, the heavy loan portfolios of Nigerian banks are mainly due to non-performing loans, as stated by the apex bank.
These bad loans are usually from chronic loan defaulters.
To check this trend, the apex bank had licensed credit bureaus to enable financial institutions access information on borrowers that will enable them (banks), make informed decisions before lending.
Managing Director/Chief Executive of Credit Registry Services, Taiwo Ayedun said the most effective way for the CBN to address the problem of bad loans is to enforce its guidelines that bank should use credit bureaus.
He noted that the method of publishing bank debtors names by the apex bank has its own limitations, as a much more effective way is to ensure that those information make their way into a credit bureau’s information system, and banks as a matter of choice should check everyday because it is automated.
He stressed, “information-sharing is so fundamental in clearing up the financial system, as nobody will see evidence that somebody is owing elsewhere and is defaulting and you still go ahead and grant him loan.
“It is not possible. All you do is to tell the individual to go and pay up the loan he owes. But in the absence of information-sharing, banks will just be making ignorant decisions,” he submitted.

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Jobless Nigerians to earn N25,000 monthly


If the proposal of the Nigerian Investment Promotion Commission (NIPC) passes through, unemployed Nigerians will earn N25, 000 monthly in a welfare scheme.

The Executive Secretary of NIPC Engineer Mustafa Bello said the Commission has proposed to the Federal Government the setting up of a Social Insurance Security Commission to address the problem of unemployment in the country.

The new commission will be similar to the National Health Insurance and Pension Fund schemes.

He explained that the proposed Commission by their projections will lead to the creation of about 517,000 jobs. He said the employees will be attached to various organizations and agencies relevant to their field of specialisations.

The proposed Commission will pay the employees N25, 000 salaries pending when they are absorbed by the establishments.

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He said: “If you read law, there are so many law firms we can send you to and the Social Insurance Commission will fund the law firm and if the law firm found you good and absorbed you then you disengage from the Commission.”

The proposed Commission which had been accepted by the presidency has been passed to the Federal Ministry of Labour and Productivity for further work.

Engineer Bello said the same model have been accepted at the NIPC where they created about 50 jobs under a unit that was formally called retainer but now executive trainee.

“I wish every agency of government can do that. We train them and many have gotten employment because of the exposure.

“This is a model we thought we can apply in the country so that people can be employed immediately they leave the University. The impact of it on the economy is that you are creating consumer capacity,” he said.

The exact number of unemployed in the country is not known.

Spokesman of the National Directorate of Employment (NDE) Barrister Nnamdi Asomugha said it is difficult to pin down the percentage of unemployed in the country because as many people are not employed many others are equally under-employed. The rough estimate of unemployed youth in Nigerian may be between 60 and 70 percent.

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Nigeria Discovers Gold in Commercial quantity


The Federal government yesterday raised hopes of a major break-through in the country’s effort developing alternative mineral resource  aside from oil and gas, when it revealed the discovery  of gold to the depth of 3,000 meters with an estimated two million ounces in the Western part of Nigeria.

The Minister of Mines and Steel Development, Mrs. Diezani Alison-Madueke who disclosed this at the presentation of the World Bank-sponsored Nigerian Airborne Geophysical Survey Data phase II in Abuja,  said the import of the latest development is that Nigeria may well be on her way to joining  countries like Ghana in supplying gold to the world market.
According to Madueke, a  coring done last year by the small mining companies, to the depth of 3,000 meters, has proved more than 300,000 ounces, with 2 million ounces estimated..

“ The importance of this fantastic piece of news is probably best appreciated within the context of the knowledge  that Nigeria has gold schist belts in the western half of the country that are very similar to those of Ghana”, she said.
She said  surveys have shown that Nigeria is richly endowed with a range of solid minerals which if properly managed and exploited may in the near future become the engine of our national economic growth.

She said the Ministry has decided to place special focus on seven of the minerals which includes,  bitumen/tar sand with estimated reserves of 27bn barrels of oil equivalent, coal (2.7 billion tonnes), iron ores (3 billion tonnes), limestone (2.23 billion tonnes), barytes (14 million tonnes) and lead/zinc sulphides one million tonnes) .

Madueke described the completion of the geophysical survey phase II as something that would facilitate  mineral exploration, ground water prospecting, pollution and geo-hazard monitoring.

“The survey also measures the Digital Elevation Model (DEM)  and Shuttle Radar  Topographic Mission (SRIM) which provide detailed information on terrains, vegetations, landforms, settlements, roads and drainages.  The data is therefore extremely useful in security   surveilance and development planning”, she said.

The Minister further said plans are underway geological, mineral and geo-chemical mapping of the country with a view to providing all the necessary data  needed  to adequately tap the mineral resources to our economic advantage.

She said the Ministry is putting in place a genstone certification process, adding that it has reached aggreement with internationally renowned Nigeria-born Jeweler to design a Jewelry line, using exclusively Nigerian gemstones.

This line of Jewelry will be launched for the international and domestic market in March this year, she said.

Earlier, the geologist involved in the preparation the survey data, Prof. Collins Reeves said a mechanism will be put in  place to enable interested scientists to study, interpret and analyse the geophysical survey data and that the outcome of their study will be made public next year.

He said the experience of Brazil could be helpful in Nigeria quest  for effective utilization of solid mineral resources.

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INVESTMENT: Capitalise on Significant Demand For Ethanol


Region Kwara Nigeria

Sector Agriculture & Agri-processing, Energy

Summary: Foreign and local investors have the opportunity to invest in the production of ethanol in Kwara State, situated in central Nigeria.

Foreign and local investors have the opportunity to invest in the production of ethanol in Kwara State, situated in central Nigeria.

Investment Opportunity

Cassava, an edible starchy tuberous root, is grown in large quantities across Kwara State and well suited for the production of ethanol. Ethanol is generally produced by the fermentation of sugar, cellulose, or converted starch. Apart from food and pharmaceutical uses, ethanol is finding itself alternative use for biofuel in most of the developed world.

Investors looking to process cassava into ethanol can either cultivate their own crops or buy from local farmers. Many of the ‘new Nigerian farmers’ from Zimbabwe are currently involved in the commercial cultivation of cassava. Alternatively the oil from the seeds of the Jatropha plant can also be used for ethanol production. Kwara State’s climate and soil is conducive for the growing of Jatropha.

The federal government has introduced Nigeria’s Biofuel Production Programme to establish a thriving a fuel ethanol industry by utilising agricultural products. A number of incentives have been introduced to stimulate Nigeria’s biofuel industry. These include:
# Pioneer Status All registered businesses engaged in activities related to biofuels production and/or the production of feedstock for the purpose of biofuel production and co-generation within the country shall be accorded Pioneer Status within the provisions of the Industrial Development (Income Tax Relief) Act.
# Withholding tax on interest, dividends, etc.
# Waiver on import and customs duties
# Waiver on Value Added Tax Biofuel companies that are involved in the production of biofuels feedstock; or the production of biofuels and/or the generation of electricity from biomass shall be exempted from payment of Value Added Taxes on all products and services consumed by them.
# Long term preferential loans

Reasons to Invest in Kwara State

Incentives: The Kwara State Government is willing to extend a number of incentives to serious investors. These include the provision of land and infrastructure, tax holidays and assistance with obtaining financing.

Labour: Kwara State is home to the well-respected University of Ilorin and construction of the new Kwara State University will soon be completed. Kwara State therefore has a large number of graduates who can be employed by companies investing in the state.

Cargo terminal: A new cargo terminal at the Ilorin International Airport will soon be completed and will allow for goods to be transported via air, both locally and internationally.

Power supply: Due to the recent completion of the Ganmo sub-station, the state capital, Ilorin, currently enjoys very close to 24 hours a day of uninterrupted power supply. Many business owners are delighted by the fact that they have to make very little use of generators.

Political will: The government of Kwara State is devoted to creating an enabling environment for business and investment. The state is also committed to continuity of policies which will ensure that an investor friendly environment remains even after the end of the current administration’s tenure.

Investment insurance: Nigeria is a member of MIGA (Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency) and the ICSD (International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes). Potential investors are therefore insured against a wide range of non-commercial risks.

Contact Details Investors interested in this project should contact Fela Ibidapo, Special Assistant to the Executive Governor, Kwara State (Investments) at felaibidapo@gmai

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Full Broadband Access to West Africa by 2010! -VIDEO Interview with Funke Opeke


Nigerian-owned Mainstreet Technologies’ Main One Cable will connect countries in Africa to those in Europe, becoming the second competitive cable (after the Glo-1 Cable) in West Africa by June 2010.

The Main One Cable Company has concluded the shore-end laying of its undersea fibre optic cables in Lagos, Nigeria and Accra, Ghana respectively.
The shore-end cable laying is a critical intermediary procedure to install the undersea cables on the shores of countries in which the cable system is expected to berth.
This in preparation for the end-to-end laying of the full stretch of the fibre optic cable from its origin in Portugal.

Funke Opeke CEO, Main One Cable

Funke Opeke CEO, Main One Cable; Main One Cable is the Second Competitive Cable Planned to Give Broadband Access to West Africa by 2010.

With the Bachelor of Science degree in Electronic and Electrical Engineering from the Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, in 1981, Opeke proceeded to Columbia University, New York, United States of America, where she obtained a Master of Science Degree in Electrical Engineering in 1984.
Funke has been described as an industry veteran of highly competitive environments with over 20 years experience as a telecommunications executive.

She is a highly accomplished and results-oriented engineer who has worked in several major telecommunications companies in the United States with her most recent appointment prior to her return to Nigeria being as the Executive Director, Performance Assurance, Verizon Communications, one of the largest telecommunications companies in the world.

Opeke joined Verizon Communications as Executive Director in 2001. Between 2001 and 2005, she managed different portfolios including the Business Architecture and implementation of Verizon’s global backbone network; Global Managed Network Services, and Performance Assurance for the Wholesale Services Line of Business.

She had held senior positions at several other companies in the United States including Telcordia Technologies (Bellcore), Piscataway; AlliedSignal Corporation, Morristown; PA Consulting Group, Highstown; and RCA American Communications.

Following that she moved to MTN Nigeria where she was the company CTO, her responsibilities included the planning and management of the entire MTN Nigeria network.

At the time of her engagement, MTN Corporate Services was quoted as saying that Opeke’s appointment is evidence of MTN’s commitment to recruit the best Nigerian brains and to contribute to the development of Nigerian human capital.

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China keen on Nigeria’s crude oil reserves.


China keen on Nigeria's oil reserves

China keen on Nigeria's oil reserves

Groups to dig deep for leases

Three of the world’s biggest oil companies are poised to pay hundreds of millions of dollars to hold on to prime concessions in Nigeria following keen Chinese interest in the planet’s 10th richest crude reserves.

ExxonMobil, the largest US oil group, is to pay a “signature bonus” of as much as $600m after securing a new 20-year lease to three blocks it has operated for four decades and which currently produce 580,000 barrels a day, people familiar with the situation said.

Royal Dutch Shell is close to finalising similar renewals that might see it surrender some concessions, industry insiders said, while Chevron, the second placed US group, is yet to agree a deal even after some of its leases expired at the end of last month.

The negotiations underscore the importance of Nigeria’s oil, both to western groups whose traditional dominance is weakening, and to the country’s government, which depends on petroleum revenues for 80 per cent of its income.

Militant attacks in the oil-producing Niger Delta, coupled with under-investment, have seen production fall well below capacity in recent years.

The leases expired a year ago but were extended for 12 months. Shell took out a court injunction to prevent any change of ownership before entering talks.

Few people expected big oil groups, which have been the mainstay of the industry through its 50-year history, to be ejected from blocks they operate as minority partners in joint ventures. But one person familiar with Exxon’s renewal talks said they were like “a cliff-hanger”, and concluded only days before the leases lapsed.

Cnooc, the Chinese state-owned oil company, in June sought to buy stakes in 23 blocks – including some of those up for renewal – in order to secure as many as one in six of Nigeria’s 36bn barrels of reserves.

Cnooc is willing to pay up to $50bn for the stakes, Nigerian officials said, but it may be granted far fewer than it is seeking.

Odein Ajumogobia, minister of state for oil, has said the government would be willing to sell part of its own holdings in the joint ventures to the Chinese.

Several people with knowledge of the renewal talks said the competition from China – which has signed several big energy deals in Africa to fuel its growth – had strengthened the government’s hand.

The Nigerian government hopes to use the money raised from the leases to plug part of a $10bn deficit in next year’s budget, a senior official said.

The companies declined to comment.

Copyright The Financial Times Limited 2009.

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Sugar the New Oil?


 sugar

In 1989, I stumbled upon a study on sugar. It was stated then that, in 1986, France produced a ton of sugar at a cost of $700 but was selling same to African countrres at half the cost price. The question was how could France sell sugar at half its production cost per ton? In that study, it was revealed that the actual objective of setting up sugar factories in the advanced economies was not primarily to produce sugar. It was revealed that the by-products of sugar cane after extracting sugar molasses, filter-cakes and bargess are in turn raw materials for 18 different strategic industries such as industrial yeast, industrial alcohol, shoe polish, ceiling boards, glass lamination etc and these subsidiary industries were the actual reasons for setting up the sugar factories.

Thus, instead of the advanced economies allowing African countries to intensify domestic production and achieve multiplier effects, they sold sugar to our countries at rock bottom prices to discourage our nations from producing. They know the potentials of sugar are almost equivalent to oil in any serious economy. As at that year, 1989, Nigeria was producing only 4% of her consumption rate. In spite of the setting up of the Nigeria Sugar Development Council by the Abacha administration, little improvement was done. Instead, the richest Nigerian entrepreneur today, Dangote, owes his rise to the billionaire club largely on sugar importation at the initial stage.

Despite the global turbulence in commodity prices in the last 12 months, there has been one surprise star performer – sugar. Prices have risen 86% this year to reach a 28-year high at the end of August. Prices have, in fact, more than doubled since January 2008. With the market as a whole facing an estimated deficit of 7.8m tons this year – equivalent to 3.8% of global output – it is understandable that prices have risen. Many factors contribute to this. In Brazil, the world’s largest producer, there was too much rain, and the cold weather has not helped either.

Indian production fell from 28.6m tons to 16m tons due to a poor monsoon season, and restricted growth in planting due to weak prices last year. In 2008, India’s population consumed around 15% of global production. Indian production is not expected to meet demand before 2011 and problems in Pakistan, Russia and Thailand – not to mention the effects of a possible EI Nino – explain the steep rise in prices.

African producers, accounting for 6.4% of global production, and who among them have probably greater capacity than other current large producers to expand their output, may well be set to benefit from the high prices. Africa already does rather well with its sugar trading accounting for 7% of global exports. Its share of global consumption has swollen from 3.9% in 2000 to 4.9% in 2007. This share is likely to continue growing.

As a country’s income grows, there is a tendency for its sugar consumption to grow too, although this tends to plateau at around 35kg per capita year amongst middle-income countries. India’s rapidly growing appetite for sugar has meant that the country is now the world’s largest consumer of sugar, although Brazil remains the world’s greatest per capita consumer. Only Gambia (53.8kg) and Swaziland (97.4kg) consume more than this in Sub-Sahara Africa. Countries with per capita consumption substantially below the global average are likely to see that consumption rise.

Sugar still remains a cheap source of calories for consumers, so demand is likely to remain resilient globally, if static in the face of downturn and high prices. In Africa, consumption of sugar is expected to rise. The increasing significance of sugar as a source of ethanol for fuel is also driving demand. Brazil has had enormous success with this fuel source, a policy it pursued to improve energy security in response to the 1970s’ oil shock.

Other nations are also following suit. President Omar Hassan AI-Bashir has just opened Africa’s first sugar-to-ethanol plant in Sudan, utilizing sugar from one of Africa’s biggest sugar plants in Kenana. The plant was built with Kuwati support. Nigeria is also looking to emulate the Brazilian bio-fuel model, following a memorandum of understanding between the two countries in 2005 and the recent visit of President Yar’Adua to Brazil a few weeks ago.

With 30m/tons per hectare yields the global average, Nigerian 15m/tons per hectare yields have plenty rooms for improvement. Nigeria has 400,000 hectares of land suitable for high-yield sugar-cane production and the country is seeking to increase its production of sugarcane. Feasibility studies are looking along the course of rivers Niger and Benue. Some of the new production is scheduled for bio-fuels. Sugar production potentials is unlimited in the country. Recently, Nigeria’s biggest sugar refiner, Dangote Sugar, announced profits of N21.87bn ($149m) – up 2% on last year. The company is the major supplier of sugar to the nation’s beverage manufacturers. Indeed, the next major growth sub-sector in the economy may be sugar

Written by Abba Mahmood

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Miss HIV Positive Beauty Pageant begins in Nigeria


By Olayinka Latona

In order to check or eliminate the taboo associated with the social vulnerability of People Living With HIV/AIDS in Nigeria and to signify a major landmark in the campaign against HIV/AIDS, Mannerism Communications (MACOM) in conjunction the body of People Living with HIV/AIDS (PLWA) and the National Agency for the Control of AIDS (NACA)is hosting the first ever “Miss Positive, Nigeria “beauty pageant.

The contest is unique as it is aimed at developing a national movement for an intensive awareness campaign against HIV/AIDS stigmatisation with primary focus on youths and adolescents.

The event is scheduled for November 23- 28, 2009. Suzan Olori, Project Manager, noted that the eventual winner will reign for one year and will be responsible for executing an HIV/AIDS project in several communities in Nigeria.

Project Director, Mr. Ojo Martins, told Good Health Weekly that the Miss Positive beauty pageant seeks to promote openness, an active lifestyle and tolerance for PLWA in all spheres of life. He said the beauty contest is going to involve both HIV/AIDS positive and negative women, aged 18- 28.

“This contest is going to be an annual event. Our aim is to promote openness and active life styles for those infected and thereby sensitise the populace. The avenue will also provide a unique opportunities for brands to come-up close with the general public through their corporate social responsibilities.”

Apart of the essence of Miss Positive beauty pageant, Ojo said the event is also about networking with PLWA. “Miss Positive is beyond gathering of people and telling them about HIV/AIDS or advising them to use condoms. Rather it is coming out to tell the world that I am positive and how do the people protect me and my interest? It is different from other approach or what we are used to.

“It is an approach where anybody that is positive is proud and once he or she knows that he will not be stigmatised, it will be easier for such person to live an open life.

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